| Objective To investigate the risk factors of bronchopulmonary dysplasia and its severity in very/extremely low birth weight infants with gestational age less than 32 weeks, in order to provide help for clinical work of neonates. Methods From January 2019 to January 2021, 130 very/extremely low birth weight infants with gestational age less than 32 weeks who were hospitalized for more than 28 days in the Department of Neonatology of the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University were selected. According to the diagnostic criteria of bronchopulmonary dysplasia, 54 cases were divided into bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) group and 76 cases were non-bronchopulmonary dysplasia (nBPD) group. According to the diagnostic criteria of BPD, 54 BPD patients were divided into mild BPD group (43 cases) and moderate/severe BPD group (11 cases). Perinatal factors of the 130 neonates were analyzed, including maternal factors containing antenatal glucocorticoid use or not, mode of delivery, multiple pregnancies or not, primiparas or not, maternal age, and if complicated with diseases such as severe preeclampsia, chorioamnitis, vaginal fluid, prenatal fever, and premature rupture of membranes or not. Neonatal factors included gestational age, birth weight, Apgar score, gender, initial ventilation method, duration of mechanical ventilation andwhether use intubation surfactant and extubation technique, INSURE technique. Logistics regression analysis was used for analysis the factors of BPD and its severity. Results Logistics analysis indicated that smaller gestational age (OR=0.110,95%CI:0.007~0.638), longer mechanical ventilation time (OR=2.178,95%CI:1.046~4.534), longer oxygen use time (OR=1.635, 95%CI:1.148~2.327) and without INSURE technology (OR=0.006, 95%CI:0.000~0.972) were the risk factors for BPD. Longer mechanical ventilation time (OR=1.567, 95%CI:1.228~1.720) and longer oxygen use time (OR=1.358, 95%CI:1.009~1.828) were risk factors for the severity of BPD. Conclusion Small gestational age, without INSURE technology, long mechanical ventilation and oxygen usetime arerisk factors of BPD. Longer mechanical ventilation and oxygen use time are risk factors for the severity of BPD. Therefore, for very/extremely-low birth weight infants with gestational age less than 32 weeks, we should choose INSURE technology and non-invasive ventilation, meanwhile reduce mechanical ventilation and oxygen use time. |
