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| 正常泪囊在计算机断层扫描图像中的形态观察 |
| Morphological observation of normal lacrimal sac in computed tomography images |
| 投稿时间：2023-09-01 |
| DOI：10.3969/j.issn.1000-0399.2024.03.007 |
| 中文关键词: 计算机断层扫描 泪囊 泪道 泪液引流 |
| 英文关键词: Computed tomography Lacrimal sac Lacrimal passage Lacrimal drainage |
| 基金项目: |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 目的 探讨正常泪囊在计算机断层扫描图像中的形态及变化的原因。方法 回顾性分析2020年9月至2021年1月安徽医科大学第一附属医院放射科提供的50例（100眼）来检人员头颅CT扫描图像资料，分别在软组织窗和肺窗观察其计算机断层扫描图像中泪囊的影像，根据泪囊类型和形态分为4组：泪囊空气充盈组（31眼）、泪囊空气半充盈组（20眼）、泪囊半封闭组（16眼）、泪囊全封闭组（33眼），比较各组泪囊形态的变化。结果 泪囊空气充盈组软组织窗冠状位泪囊为空气密度影，肺窗轴位泪囊腔形状为椭圆形。泪囊空气半充盈组软组织窗冠状位泪囊为空气密度影，轴位上部泪囊形状为椭圆形，下部为弧形；肺窗轴位上部泪囊腔形状为椭圆形，下部为裂隙形。泪囊半封闭组软组织窗冠状位上部泪囊为空气密度影，下部为软组织密度影；肺窗轴位上部泪囊腔形状为椭圆形，下部泪囊腔消失。泪囊全封闭组软组织窗为软组织密度影，肺窗轴位泪囊腔消失。下部泪囊腔横截面由椭圆形变为裂隙形或消失可能原因是下部泪囊外侧壁向鼻侧移位；泪囊软组织密度影范围扩大，而空气密度影范围减少或消失可能原因是眶内软组织向鼻侧移位，正常泪囊CT图像中软组织密度影的来源是眶内软组织。结论 正常泪囊的形态可能不是固定不变，而是在不停变化的过程中；眶内软组织压力可向鼻侧推动，进而改变下部泪囊形态。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Objective To observe the morphology of normal lacrimal sac in the computed tomography images. Methods 50 cases (100 eyes) CT images of normal lacrimal sac were observed in soft tissue window and lung window respectively and divided into four groups according to the image type and morphology of lacrimal sac: 31 eyes in the lacrimal sac air filling group, 20 eyes in the lacrimal sac half air filling group, 16 eyes in the lacrimal sac semi-closed group and 33 eyes in the lacrimal sac fully closed group. The changes of lacrimal sac morphology in different groups were compared. Results The imaging features in lacrimal sac air filling group: the coronal lacrimal sac in the soft tissue window showed the air density shadow and the shape of the axial lacrimal sac cavity in the lung window was oval. The imaging features in lacrimal sac half air filling group were: the lacrimal sac showed the air density shadow in coronal view of the soft tissue window, the shape of the upper lacrimal sac was oval and the lower lacrimal sac showed curved shape in axial view of the soft tissue window, the shape of the upper lacrimal sac cavity was oval and the lower lacrimal sac cavity was slit-shaped in axial view of lung window. The imaging features in lacrimal sac semi-closed group were: the upper lacrimal sac showed the air density shadow and the lower lacrimal sac were a soft-tissue density shadow in the coronal view of the soft tissue window, the shape of the upper lacrimal sac lumen was oval and the lower lacrimal sac lumen disappeared in the axial view of lung window. The imaging features in lacrimal sac fully closed group were: the lacrimal sac appeared as a soft tissue density in the soft tissue window and the lacrimal sac cavity disappeared in the lung window. The reason for the changes of the cross-sectional lower lacrimal sac cavity from oval to slit-shaped or disappearance was the displacement of the lateral wall of the lower lacrimal sac to the nasal side. The expansion of the soft tissue density shadow and the decrease or disappearance of the air density shadow in lacrimal sac were caused by the displacement of the orbital soft tissue to the nasal side. The source of the soft tissue density shadow in lacrimal sac CT images was the intraorbital soft tissue. Conclusions The morphology of the normal lacrimal sac may not be fixed but in constantly changing processes. Intraorbital soft tissue pressure can change the morphology of the lower lacrimal sac by pushing the lateral wall of the lower lacrimal sac to the nasal side. |
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