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| 安徽省15岁及以上居民吸烟与戒烟现状及影响因素分析 |
| Prevalence and influencing factors of smoking and smoking cessation among residents aged 15 and above in Anhui province |
| 投稿时间：2026-01-02 |
| DOI：10.3969/j.issn.1000-0399.2026.06.017 |
| 中文关键词: 吸烟 戒烟 烟草流行 影响因素 |
| 英文关键词: Smoking Smoking cessation Tobacco epidemic Influencing factors |
| 基金项目:安徽省科技厅临床医学研究转化专项项目(编号:202427b10020024); 大健康研究院健康大数据与群体医学研究所专项资金资助(编号:JKS2022003) |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 目的 了解安徽省15岁及以上居民吸烟与戒烟行为现状并分析其影响因素，为制定精准的控烟策略提供依据。方法 于2024年5月至9月，采用多阶段分层整群随机抽样方法，在安徽省抽取6 013名15岁及以上常住居民为研究对象。使用《2024年中国成人烟草调查问卷》进行面对面调查。采用多因素二分类logistic回归模型分析现在吸烟与戒烟行为的影响因素。结果 经加权调整，安徽省15岁及以上居民的现在吸烟率为19.77%，戒烟率为31.31%。多因素分析结果显示，与15～25岁组相比，25～45岁（aOR=2.944, 95%CI:1.420～6.104）、45～65岁（aOR=2.839, 95%CI:1.378～5.847）及≥65岁组（aOR=2.138, 95%CI:1.025～4.457）的现在吸烟风险更高；女性（aOR=0.026, 95%CI:0.020～0.034）、大专及以上文化程度（aOR=0.592, 95%CI:0.429～0.818）及患有恶性肿瘤（aOR=0.282, 95%CI:0.147～0.541）者现在吸烟的比例较低。在戒烟行为方面，≥65岁（aOR=8.676, 95%CI:1.077～69.908）、患有心脑血管疾病（aOR=1.571, 95%CI:1.241～1.989）和恶性肿瘤（aOR=5.784, 95%CI:2.866～11.673）者更可能戒烟。结论 安徽省15岁及以上居民现在吸烟率处于中等偏高水平，戒烟率尚有提升空间。男性、中青年及低学历人群吸烟风险较高，而高龄及患有心脑血管疾病或恶性肿瘤者更可能戒烟。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Objective To investigate the prevalence of smoking and smoking cessation behaviors among residents aged 15 and above in Anhui province and to analyze their influencing factors, so as to provide evidence for formulating targeted tobacco control strategies. Methods F From May to September 2024, a multi-stage stratified cluster random sampling method was adopted to select 6,013 permanent residents aged 15 and above in Anhui province. A face-to-face survey was conducted using the “2024 China Adult Tobacco Survey Questionnaire”. Multivariate binary logistic regression model was used to analyze the influencing factors of current smoking and smoking cessation behaviors. Results After weighted adjustment, the current smoking rate of residents aged 15 and above in Anhui province was 19.77%, and the smoking cessation rate was 31.31%. Multivariate analysis showed that compared with the 15-25 age group, the risks of current smoking were significantly higher in the 25～45 age group(aOR=2.944, 95%CI: 1.420～6.104), 45-65 age group(aOR=2.839, 95%CI: 1.378～5.847) and ≥65 age group(aOR=2.138, 95%CI: 1.025～4.457). Being female(aOR=0.026, 95%CI: 0.020～0.034), having a college degree or above(aOR=0.592, 95%CI: 0.429～0.818), and suffering from malignant tumors(aOR=0.282, 95%CI: 0.147～0.541) were the protective factors against current smoking. In terms of smoking cessation behaviors, residents aged ≥65(aOR=8.676, 95%CI: 1.077～69.908), those with cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases(aOR=1.571, 95%CI: 1.241～1.989) or malignant tumors(aOR=5.784, 95%CI: 2.866～11.673) were more likely to quit smoking.Conclusion The current smoking rate of residents aged 15 and above in Anhui province is at a moderately high level, and there is still room for improvement in the smoking cessation rate. Males, young and middle-aged adults, and those with low educational levels have higher risks of current smoking, while older age and having cardiovascular/cerebrovascular diseases or malignant tumors are associated with a higher likelihood of smoking cessation. |
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